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An alternative minimum tax (AMT) places a floor on the % of taxes that a filer must pay to the government, no matter how many deductions or credits the filer may claim. The US currently has an alternative minimum tax for taxpayers who earn above certain income thresholds.

A buyer cooperative (or purchasing cooperative) is an organization owned and operated by a group of individuals or businesses who pool their purchasing power to buy goods or services in bulk at discounted prices. Members benefit from lower costs, better terms, and increased negotiating leverage that they wouldn't have as individual buyers. Common examples include grocery co-ops, healthcare purchasing groups, and business supply cooperatives.

DisCOs are a set of organizational tools for people interested in commons-oriented and feminist cooperatives. An alternative to Decentralized Autonomous Organizations, or DAOs, DisCOs offer a distributed and cooperative model.

A hedge fund is an LP of private investors whose money is pooled and managed by professional fund managers who use a wide range of strategies to earn above-average investment returns. A hedge fund investment is often considered a risky, alternative investment choice.

Employee stock purchase plans (ESPPs) enable employees to buy company stock at a discounted rate, such as 15 percent. The plans offer a potential financial benefit to employees, encourage them to stay with the company for a certain period of time (otherwise they lose the benefit), and can promote employee loyalty to the business.

A determination letter, issued by the IRS, confirms whether an employer's employee benefit plan meets the legal standards for special tax treatment. This document is crucial for retirement plans and other benefit programs, ensuring compliance with laws like ERISA.

A business that issues surety bonds for financial guarantees. If the bonded party fails to perform, the bonding company will cover the costs, acting as a safety net for the person hiring the bonded party.

“Silver tsunami” refers to the large cohort of Americans entering their retirement years as the baby boom generation, born 1946 to 1964, continues to age. The term is used to highlight the economic opportunities created by an aging population and the challenges it may pose

An interest rate swap is a financial contract where one party exchanges future interest payments with another based on a specified principal amount. These involve switching between fixed and floating interest rates to hedge against rate fluctuations or secure favorable terms.

A susu is an informal savings club from West African tradition, common in African and Caribbean communities. Members contribute fixed amounts regularly to a communal pot. Each cycle, the total sum is paid out to one member until all have received their share, without interest

Earnings per share (EPS) is a measure of a company's profitability that indicates how much profit each outstanding share of common stock has earned. It's calculated by dividing the company's net income by the total number of outstanding shares.

The factors that drive how salable the business will be after its near term succession, i.e., a follow up sale, such as post employee ownership conversion.