IRC (1986) section 1042 allows an owner of a closely-held C corp to defer or potentially eliminate capital gains taxation on “qualified securities” they sell to an ESOP if the seller reinvests the sale proceeds into “qualified replacement property” (QRP).

A US Government department designed to foster, promote, and develop the welfare of the wage earners, job seekers, and retirees of the United States; improve working conditions; advance opportunities for profitable employment; and assure work-related benefits and rights.

A private company owned by two or more related family members.

Platform cooperatives are businesses that sell goods or services primarily through a website, mobile app, or protocol. They rely on democratic decision-making and shared platform ownership by workers and users.

Refers to the relative complexity of in different types of EO sales, e.g., ESOP vs EOT or worker co-op.

Optimizing for the benefits of EO post-transaction in order to create and reify ownership culture with practices such as OBM

A unionized worker co-op is a business governed and owned by its workers with the distinctive features that it uses the collective bargaining process to determine pay, benefits, etc. for its workers, and is connected to the larger union movement.

A Decentralized Autonomous Organization (DAO) is a blockchain-based entity with no central authority, where token holders collectively make decisions. Utilizing smart contracts, DAOs automate processes and ensure transparency, with all activities recorded on a blockchain.

An asset sale is a transaction where a buyer purchases specific assets of a business rather than the business itself. Typical assets are equipment, inventory, and accounts receivable. Asset sales do not include company liabilities, and thus are typically buyer preferred (compared to equity/entity sales).

Specific forms of communication to employee owners by sponsoring companies that may be organized by a Communications Committee, and which often are used to educate employees about the rights and benefits of ownership